SARS: clinical virology and pathogenesis

A narrative review of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, transmission, and clinical manifestations

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major global concern. As of writing this manuscript, there are over 224 million cases diagnosed with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 4.5 million recorded deaths by the disease. Objectives: This review article investigates studies conducted on SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, transmission, and different cl...

Bluetongue virus: virology, pathogenesis and immunity.

Bluetongue (BT) virus, an orbivirus of the Reoviridae family encompassing 24 known serotypes, is transmitted to ruminants via certain species of biting midges (Culicoides spp.) and causes thrombo-hemorrhagic fevers mainly in sheep. During the 20th century, BTV was endemic in sub-tropical regions but in the last ten years, new strains of BTV (serotypes 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 16) have appeared in Europe ...

Clinical Virology.

Pathogenesis of feline panleukopenia virus in susceptible newborn kittens I. Clinical signs, hematology, serology, and virology.

Inoculation of susceptible newborn kittens with a large dose of panleukopenia virus caused subclinical infection in 19 of 23 cases. All infected kittens developed severe and prolonged leukopenia. Cell-free virus was present in the blood from 1 to 7 postinoculation days. The virus spread to all organs, regardless of the route of inoculation. The thymus, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and the ce...

Virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of enterovirus 71.

First isolated in California, USA, in 1969, enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major public health issue across the Asia-Pacific region and beyond. The virus, which is closely related to polioviruses, mostly affects children and causes hand, foot, and mouth disease with neurological and systemic complications. Specific receptors for this virus are found on white blood cells, cells in the respiratory an...